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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (09) : 941 -949. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2022.09.012

妇产科超声影像学

胎儿心脏定量技术对评估动脉导管收缩或闭合胎儿心脏形态和功能的价值
李田静1, 韩建成2, 孙琳2, 刘晓伟2, 高爽2, 郝秀秀2, 何怡华2,()   
  1. 1. 100029 首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心脏超声医学中心;100024 北京,中国传媒大学门诊部超声科
    2. 100029 首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心脏超声医学中心
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-02 出版日期:2022-09-01
  • 通信作者: 何怡华
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFC1002300)

Analysis of cardiac morphology and function based on Z-scores in fetuses with ductus arteriosus constriction or closure by fetal heart quantification

Tianjing Li1, Jiancheng Han2, Lin Sun2, Xiaowei Liu2, Shuang Gao2, Xiuxiu Hao2, Yihua He2,()   

  1. 1. Echocardiography Medical Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Ultrasound, Outpatient Department, Communication University of China, Beijing 100024, China
    2. Echocardiography Medical Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2020-09-02 Published:2022-09-01
  • Corresponding author: Yihua He
引用本文:

李田静, 韩建成, 孙琳, 刘晓伟, 高爽, 郝秀秀, 何怡华. 胎儿心脏定量技术对评估动脉导管收缩或闭合胎儿心脏形态和功能的价值[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2022, 19(09): 941-949.

Tianjing Li, Jiancheng Han, Lin Sun, Xiaowei Liu, Shuang Gao, Xiuxiu Hao, Yihua He. Analysis of cardiac morphology and function based on Z-scores in fetuses with ductus arteriosus constriction or closure by fetal heart quantification[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2022, 19(09): 941-949.

目的

探讨胎儿心脏定量技术(FHQ)评估动脉导管提前收缩或闭合胎儿心脏大小、形状及功能变化的价值。

方法

选取2013年5月至2020年1月于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院超声科经产前心脏超声检查诊断为动脉导管收缩/闭合(动脉导管收缩/闭合组)的50例单胎妊娠胎儿(动脉导管提前收缩35例,其中16例为轻-中度狭窄,19例为中-重度狭窄;动脉导管完全闭合者15例)作回顾性分析,选择同期50名健康胎儿作为正常对照组,采集所有胎儿标准的四腔心切面动态图像,在舒张末期测量胎儿心脏心底至心尖长度(4CV Length)、横向宽度(4CV Width)、面积(4CV Area),计算心脏整体球形指数(GSI),将左心室、右心室由基底至心尖分为24节段,利用FHQ技术追踪获得心室内膜动态曲线,测量计算各节段横向宽度(ED)、球形指数(SI)、短轴缩短分数(FS)及其经胎龄校正后的Z评分值,当Z值>+1.65(>第95百分位数)或Z值<-1.65(<第5百分位数)定义为“异常”。应用独立样本t检验从胎儿心脏大小、形状及功能方面比较动脉导管收缩/闭合组和正常对照组、收缩组和闭合组、轻-中度狭窄组和中-重度狭窄组以及中-重度狭窄组和闭合组间Z值的差异。

结果

与正常对照组相比,动脉导管收缩/闭合组右心室ED在24节段均明显增大(Z值>+1.65),右心室SI在基底、中间段减低(Z值<-1.65),左心室、右心室的24节段FS均不同程度减低(Z值<-1.65);与轻-中度狭窄组相比,中-重度狭窄组左心室ED减小、SI增大、FS增大(P均<0.05);与中-重度狭窄组相比,闭合组左心室ED、右心室ED及左心室FS增大,左心室SI、右心室SI及右心室FS减小(P均<0.05)。

结论

动脉导管收缩/闭合胎儿心脏多参数出现明显改变,FHQ技术能够为评估心脏大小、形态及功能提供更多有价值的信息,利用Z值评估个体相较正常人群的差异,可以更敏感、准确地评价组间差异。

Objective

To evaluate the cardiac morphology and function of fetuses with premature ductus arteriosus constriction or closure (DA Con/Clo) by fetal heart quantification technology (FHQ).

Methods

This study retrospectively analyzed 50 singleton fetuses who underwent fetal echocardiography and were diagnosed with DA Con/Clo (35 cases with DA Con, including 16 cases of mild to moderate constriction and 19 cases of moderate to severe constriction; and 15 cases with DA Clo) from May 2013 to January 2020; 50 healthy fetuses were randomly selected as a control group. The dynamic images of the standard four chamber view (4CV) were collected, and the end-diastolic area, length, and width were measured to determine the global sphericity index (GSI) of the 4CV. The left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) were divided into 24 segments (S1-24) from the base to the apex of the heart on 4CV, and speckle-tracking analysis was used to obtain the dynamic tracking curve of the ventricular intima and compute the end-diastolic width (ED), sphericity index (SI), and fractional shortening (FS) of the 24 segments of the RV and LV, as well as the Z-scores of these parameters after adjustment for gestational age. The Z-scores were valuated and defined as "more than or less than the normal range" when Z-score >+1.65 (>95th centile) or Z-score <-1.65 (<5th centile). Independent sample t-test was used to compare the Z scores of cardiac morphology, size, and function parameters between the DA Con/Clo and control groups, between the constriction and closure groups, between the mild to moderate constriction group and moderate to severe constriction group, and between the moderate to severe constriction group and closure group.

Results

Compared with the controls, RV-ED of S1-24 increased significantly (Z>+1.65), RV-SI was reduced in the basal-middle segment (Z<-1.65), and FS of S1-24 was depressed to varying degrees (Z<-1.65) in the DA Con/Clo group. Compared with the mild to moderate constriction group, LV-ED decreased significantly in the moderate to severe constriction group, and LV-SI and LV-FS increased (P<0.05). Compared with the moderate to severe constriction group, LV-ED, RV-ED, and LV-FS increased, and LV-SI, RV-SI, and RV-FS decreased in the closure group (P<0.05).

Conclusion

The cardiac parameters of DA Con/Clo fetuses have changed significantly. FHQ technology can provide more valuable information for evaluating the changes of heart size, morphology, and function of fetuses with DA Con/Clo. Z-scores can be more sensitive and accurate in evaluating the differences of size, shape, and function of the fetus heart between these groups.

表1 动脉导管收缩/闭合组与正常对照组胎儿一般临床资料比较
表2 动脉导管收缩组与闭合组胎儿一般临床资料比较
表3 动脉导管轻-中度狭窄组与中-重度狭窄组一般临床资料比较
表4 动脉导管中-重度狭窄组与闭合组一般临床资料比较
图1 动脉导管收缩/闭合组4CV Width、4CV Length、4CV Area及4CV GSI对应的Z值注:GSI为整体球形指数;4CV Area为四腔心面积;4CV Length为四腔心长径;4CV Width为四腔心宽度
图2 动脉导管收缩/闭合组左心室和右心室24节段对应的Z值。图a~c分别为左心室SI、ED、FS对应的Z值,图d~f分别为右心室SI、ED、FS对应的Z值注:SI为球形指数,ED为舒张末期横径,FS为短轴缩短分数,LV为左心室,RV为右心室;1~8为基底段(Base),9~16为中间段(Mid),17~24为心尖段(Apical)
图3 收缩组和闭合组4CV Width、4CV Length、4CV Area及4CV GSI对应的Z值注:constriction为动脉导管收缩组;closure为闭合组;GSI为整体球形指数;4CV Area为四腔心面积;4CV Length为四腔心长径;4CV Width为四腔心宽度
图4 动脉导管收缩组和闭合组左心室和右心室24节段对应的Z值。图a~c分别为左心室SI、ED、FS对应的Z值,图d~f分别为右心室SI、ED、FS对应的Z值注:constriction为动脉导管收缩组;closure为闭合组;SI为球形指数,ED为舒张末期横径,FS为短轴缩短分数,LV为左心室,RV为右心室;1~8为基底段(Base),9~16为中间段(Mid),17~24为心尖段(Apical)
图5 动脉导管轻-中度狭窄组和中-重度狭窄组4CV Width、4CV Length、4CV Area及4CV GSI对应的Z值注:mild to moderate为动脉导管轻-中度狭窄组;moderate to severe为动脉导管中-重度狭窄组;GSI为整体球形指数;4CV Area为四腔心面积;4CV Length为四腔心长径;4CV Width为四腔心宽度
图6 动脉导管轻-中度狭窄组和中-重度狭窄组左心室和右心室24节段对应的Z值。图a~c分别为左心室SI、ED、FS对应的Z值,图d~f分别为右心室SI、ED、FS对应的Z值注:mild to moderate为动脉导管轻-中度狭窄组;moderate to severe为动脉导管中-重度狭窄组;SI为球形指数;ED为舒张末期横径;FS为短轴缩短分数;LV为左心室;RV为右心室;1~8为基底段(Base),9~16为中间段(Mid),17~24为心尖段(Apical)
图7 动脉导管中-重度狭窄组和闭合组4CV Width、4CV Length、4CV Area及4CV GSI对应的Z值注:moderate to severe为动脉导管中-重度狭窄组;closure为闭合组;GSI为整体球形指数;4CV Area为四腔心面积;4CV Length为四腔心长径;4CV Width为四腔心宽度
图8 动脉导管中-重度狭窄组和闭合组左心室和右心室24节段对应的Z值。图a~c分别为左心室SI、ED、FS对应的Z值,图d~f分别为右心室SI、ED、FS对应的Z值注:moderate to severe为动脉导管中-重度狭窄组;closure为闭合组;ED为舒张末期横径;FS为短轴缩短分数;LV为左心室;RV为右心室;SI为球形指数;1~8为基底段(Base),9~16为中间段(Mid),17~24为心尖段(Apical)
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