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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (06) : 578 -582. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2021.06.007

浅表器官超声影像学

超声引导下粗针穿刺活检组织病理学检查诊断颈部淋巴结病变的应用价值
邓红艳1, 李璐1, 吴燕1, 袁亚1, 叶新华1,()   
  1. 1. 210009 南京医科大学第一附属医院超声诊断科
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-30 出版日期:2021-06-01
  • 通信作者: 叶新华
  • 基金资助:
    2018江苏省重点研发计划专项资金(BE2018703)

Value of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy histopathological detection in differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy

Hongyan Deng1, Lu Li1, Yan Wu1, Ya Yuan1, Xinhua Ye1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
  • Received:2020-06-30 Published:2021-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Xinhua Ye
引用本文:

邓红艳, 李璐, 吴燕, 袁亚, 叶新华. 超声引导下粗针穿刺活检组织病理学检查诊断颈部淋巴结病变的应用价值[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2021, 18(06): 578-582.

Hongyan Deng, Lu Li, Yan Wu, Ya Yuan, Xinhua Ye. Value of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy histopathological detection in differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2021, 18(06): 578-582.

目的

探讨超声引导下粗针穿刺活检(CNB)组织病理学检查在鉴别诊断颈部淋巴结病变中的应用价值。

方法

回顾性选取2017年7月至2019年6月在江苏省人民医院超声医学科进行超声引导下CNB组织病理学检查的颈部淋巴结病变患者155例,共155个颈部淋巴结。分析其CNB常规病理结果及免疫组化表型。以临床诊断为参考标准,评价超声引导下CNB组织病理学检查鉴别诊断颈部淋巴结病变的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值。

结果

155例患者的155个淋巴结中,临床诊断为恶性淋巴结132例,良性淋巴结23例。与年龄<45岁的患者相比,年龄≥45岁的患者临床诊断为恶性淋巴结的比例更高,差异有统计学意义(65.0% vs 93.0%,P=0.000);不同性别、淋巴结位置、淋巴结短长径之比的患者比较,临床诊断为恶性淋巴结的比例差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。155例患者超声引导下CNB诊断为转移性淋巴结92例,淋巴瘤39例,良性病变20例,不能明确诊断4例。超声引导下CNB诊断颈部淋巴结病变良恶性的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为99.2%、90.0%、98.4%、94.7%。

结论

超声引导下CNB组织病理学检查能够明确颈部淋巴结病变的免疫表型,初步确定起源灶,且创伤小、并发症少,对颈部淋巴结良恶性有较好的诊断价值,可为临床采取合理的治疗措施提供诊断依据。

Objective

To assess the value of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) histopathological detection in the differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy.

Methods

A total of 155 enlarged lymph nodes of the neck were selected from 155 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) and histopathological detection at the Department of Ultrasound Medicine of Jiangsu People's Hospital from July 2017 to June 2019. A retrospective analysis was performed to analyze the pathological results of CNB and the immune differentiation phenotype. Clinical diagnosis results were used as a reference standard to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of ultrasound-guided CNB histopathological detection for differentially diagnosing enlarged lymph nodes of the neck.

Results

Among the 155 enlarged lymph nodes in 155 patients, the clinical diagnosis showed that 132 cases were malignant and 23 cases benign. Compared with the patients aged below 45 years, those who were no younger than 45 years were diagnosed clinically with a significantly higher proportion of malignant lymph nodes (65.0% vs 93.0%, P=0.000); there was no statistically significant difference in gender, location, or the ratio of short to long diameter between malignant and benign lymph nodes (P>0.05). Among the 155 patients, 92 had metastatic lymph nodes, 39 had lymphoma, 20 had benign lesions, and 4 could not be clearly diagnosed. In the diagnosis of benign and malignant lymph nodes of the neck,the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of ultrasound-guided CNB were 99.2%, 90.0%, 98.4%, and 94.7%, respectively.

Conclusions

Ultrasound-guided CNB histopathological detection can clarify the immunophenotype of lymph nodes of the neck, preliminarily determine the origin, and have less trauma and fewer complications. It has good diagnostic value for benign and malignant lymph nodes of the neck. Therefore, it can provide a diagnostic basis for clinically taking reasonable treatment measures.

表1 不同临床特征的颈部淋巴结病变患者的临床诊断结果比较[例(%)]
表2 超声引导下粗针穿刺活检常规病理及免疫组化表型结果(n=155)
图1 肺癌颈部淋巴结转移常规超声、超声引导下粗针穿刺活检及病理图像。图a为二维超声图像;图b为彩色多普勒超声图像;图c为超声引导下粗针穿刺活检图像;图d为常规病理图像(HE ×40),常规病理结合免疫组化证实为低分化腺癌,考虑肺来源
图2 淋巴瘤常规超声、超声引导下粗针穿刺活检及病理图像。图a为二维超声图像;图b为能量多普勒超声图像;图c为超声引导下粗针穿刺活检图像;图d为常规病理图像(HE ×40),常规病理结合免疫组化证实为低级别B细胞淋巴瘤
图3 结核感染颈部淋巴结受累常规超声、超声引导下粗针穿刺活检及病理图像。图a为二维超声图像;图b为能量多普勒超声图像;图c为超声引导下粗针穿刺活检图像;图d为常规病理图像(HE ×40),常规病理结合免疫组化证实为慢性肉芽肿性炎症伴坏死及多核巨细胞反应,考虑结核
表3 颈部淋巴结病变的超声引导下粗针穿刺活检免疫组织化学结果与临床诊断结果比较(例)
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